An international team of researchers shows through a concrete theoretical experiment that the prediction by standard complex quantum theory cannot be expressed by its real counterpart and ratifies its ...

Algebraic complexity addresses the fundamental question of how efficiently one can compute polynomials and related algebraic objects. It employs models such as arithmetic circuits, branching ...

New findings are fueling an old suspicion that fundamental particles and forces spring from strange eight-part numbers called “octonions.” In 2014, a graduate student at the University of Waterloo, ...