An ecosystem is normally defined as a complex of all living (plants, animals, microorganisms) and non-living (soil, climate) components interacting as a functional unit in a certain area. Each ...

Forest ecosystems are defined by a "salient" or common set of characteristics that make the forest ecology of a particular area unique. These very complex sets of forest conditions are studied by ...

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Visit NAP.edu/10766 to get more information about this book, to buy it in print, or to download it as a free PDF. Ecosystems are composed of the plants, animals, people, and other living things that ...